management vs. leadership

woman holding marker beside whiteboard, facing three colleagues

seven experts offer their insights.

by marc rosenberg
the rosenberg practice management library

“democracy is no way to run a company.” – marc rosenberg, paraphrased from pat riley, nba coach

during my 30-year career in the business world, i have read many books and articles on management and leadership. i’ve also heard countless speakers at map conferences wax eloquent on these two terms. here is a very short list of my favorite definitions of management and leadership.

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management

management’s job is to:

  • decide what you want to be and make it happen.
  • hold others accountable for their performance.

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the single biggest key to firm success

man looking at five giant keys on the ground

plus the three stages of evolution.

by marc rosenberg
the rosenberg practice management library

“wisdom is the reward you get for a lifetime of listening when you’d have preferred to talk.” – doug larson

when i began my cpa consulting career, our industry used one word – management – to describe similar but different terms: management of the firm, leadership and governance. but our profession has grown more sophisticated. today, firms understand the important differences between these three terms:

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management: the execution of strategies, decisions, policies and procedures to operate the firm. this includes implementation of strategies and goals, planning, managing people and improving their performance, holding them accountable and ensuring continuous increases in growth and profitability. management is the process of making sure everyone knows what to do and managing them to make sure it gets done. my thanks to charles hylan, cpa, a partner of st. louis-based the growth partnership, for the bulk of this paragraph.
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how private equity is impacting accounting

and how these deals compare to traditional cpa firm deals.

by marc rosenberg
the rosenberg practice management library

one of the biggest game changers in the cpa profession since the dawn of the 21st century has been the introduction of private equity in merger transactions.

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prior to roughly 2020, 99 percent of all cpa firm mergers were between two cpa firms. an early exception was the “consolidator” phase of the cpa industry from the mid-1990s through the early 2000s. this is when three companies, the consolidators – american express, h&r block and cbiz – acquired a few hundred cpa firms, spawning the creation of alternative practice structures. because cpa firms must be majority owned by cpas, this new structure featured the attest function spun off as a separate but related entity, owned primarily by cpas while the remainder of the firm was owned primarily by the consolidators.
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being a partner is great! have you told your staff?

womand and man seated side by side at table in front of laptop, hanging plants in background

don’t assume they know how good you have it.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm staff: managing your #1 asset

conveying to staff why it’s great to be a partner at a cpa firm is one of the weakest areas of partner performance. it’s also a best practice for managing staff.

more: what it takes to get a promotion in accounting | generational differences can’t be ignored | eight strategies for recruiting | training? cpe? they’re not the same | what leadership looks and feels at cpa firms | the importance of great bosses | why staff leave cpa firms … and how to stop them | how accounting staffing has changed
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true story

we worked with a five-partner firm on the east coast on succession planning. the partners were all in their late 50s and 60s and two or three of them planned to retire in the next five years. they were wrestling with a tough decision: do we merge into a larger firm as our exit strategy or do we/can we gradually turn the firm over to our three managers, all of whom have the talent and experience to be a partner? they dreaded the former option and preferred the latter.
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what it takes to get a promotion in accounting

smiling man in shirt and tie seated at desk

job descriptions for staff accountant, senior accountant, manager and partner.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm staff: managing your #1 asset

“the last person i ever want working for me is someone who says, ‘that’s not in my job description.’” – neil degrasse tyson, cosmologist and astrophysicist

“well-written and effectively developed job descriptions are communication tools that allow both employees and supervisors to clearly understand the expectations of the role, its essential duties, the competences and responsibilities, along with the required educational credentials and experience.” – mary anne kennedy, hr daily advisor

more: generational differences can’t be ignored | surveying your staff: why and how | why developing women partners matters | six tips for setting compensation | eleven things that good mentors do | how remote work is impacting accounting firms | how to solve the big disconnect in talent management
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this post addresses the four most common positions at a cpa firm: staff accountant, senior accountant, manager and partner.

there is no such thing as a standard job description for these four positions. each firm must define them in ways that make sense for their practice. if ever there were job descriptions that should have flexibility built into them, most certainly they would be cpa firm positions, because the expectations vary as much by the type of assignments as by their title.
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generational differences can’t be ignored

don’t stereotype, but don’t pretend all ages are the same, either.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm staff: managing your #1 asset

“each generation imagines itself more intelligent than the one before it and wiser than the one that comes after it.” – george orwell

the following was written by scott steadman, who heads up jacksonville, fl-based steadman valuations and forensic accounting llc. read with caution: statements about the traits of an entire generation are, of course, generalizations that do not necessarily apply to every individual in the grouping.

more: surveying your staff: why and how | better communication = better retention | a better way to provide performance feedback | staff crave advancement and challenge | give the recognition your staff needs | make work flexibility work for everyone | what relevance means for staffing in accounting
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baby boomers (born 1946-1964)

early on, a strong economy and stable lifestyle made baby boomers generally optimistic about their future and the future of the united states. once known as idealistic dreamers, boomers were forced to focus on their economic future and real-world concerns over money and stability. in the movie “wall street,” when gordon gekko said “greed is good,” he was speaking to (and for) baby boomers.
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accounting still short on staff and students

young woman talking to man in office

firms have had to adjust.

by marc rosenberg
the rosenberg national survey of cpa firm statistics

i believe 2003-2007 was the golden age of the cpa profession because the robust increases in revenues and profits were never better. the early and mid-2020s will be named by someone much more clever than me, but many of us feel these current years of prosperity have eclipsed the golden age.

editor’s note: every year, the 2024 rosenberg national survey of cpa firm statistics asks the profession’s top consultants two sets of questions:

    • how do you think the next 12 months will unfold? trends? predictions? other thoughts?
    • how would you assess the last 12 months? trends? observations? struggles?

more: artificial intelligence plays role in analytics, optimization | challenges for the accounting profession: private equity, offshoring, training new hires | recalibration is key for accounting profession | people development still a concern | focus on intentional growth | accounting firms upshift to corporate model | tech anxiety paralyzing some accounting firms | what’s going to happen? lots, say consultants | growth and complacency must concern accounting firms this year | solving staffing requires intention | how accounting firms are handling the staff shortage | the future of fees | as private equity closes in, firms seek new answers to staffing problems
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paradoxically, firms are still frustrated by too much business and with too few staff.

there are three areas currently causing disruption in our industry:
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surveying your staff: why and how

woman working on laptop in office setting

six ground rules for optimum results.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm staff: managing your #1 asset

“the partners may think they know how the staff feel about the firm, but it’s only important what the staff think.” – marc rosenberg

if you truly and honestly want to make your firm a great place for your staff to work, the first thing you need to do is ask them what they think. there are two primary types of surveys:

more: better communication = better retention | eight strategies for recruiting | why developing women partners matters | six tips for setting compensation | eleven things that good mentors do | how remote work is impacting accounting firms | how to solve the big disconnect in talent management
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  1. staff satisfaction surveys, where the staff respond to firmwide questions about their jobs, their supervisors, the partners, the management and advancement. these are very much like client engagement surveys.
  2. upward evaluations of partners and managers by the staff. with these surveys, staff evaluate each partner and manager they worked for. some firms opt to limit this type of survey to partner evaluations only.

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better communication = better retention

high angle view of business people stacking hands in a teamwork gesture

tips for policies, staff meetings and just plain fun.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm staff: managing your #1 asset

“i have yet to find a company that has earned high levels of customer loyalty without first earning high levels of employee loyalty.” – frederick reichheld

we have discussed key ways to retain staff. this post looks at scheduling and managing, accountability, communication and ideas for having fun at the office.

more: eight strategies for recruiting | why developing women partners matters | a better way to provide performance feedback | training? cpe? they’re not the same | six tips for setting compensation | staff crave advancement and challenge | what leadership looks and feels at cpa firms | eleven things that good mentors do | give the recognition your staff needs | the importance of great bosses | how remote work is impacting accounting firms | make work flexibility work for everyone | why staff leave cpa firms … and how to stop them | how to solve the big disconnect in talent management | what relevance means for staffing in accounting | how accounting staffing has changed
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scheduling of staff

organized, effective centralized scheduling enables firms to staff client projects so the client work is promptly completed. other benefits:

  1. it matches staff with the assignments each needs to grow and develop technically. example: a staff member may have worked on nonprofits and needs more experience in the for-profit sector.

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eight strategies for recruiting

group of four young professionals

plus interview questions, ideas for small firms and more.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm staff: managing your #1 asset

“in looking for people to hire, you look for three qualities: integrity, intelligence and energy. if they don’t have the first, the other two will kill you.” – warren buffett

“we believe hiring to be the most important first step toward the organization’s success.” – anonymous

more: why developing women partners matters | a better way to provide performance feedback | training? cpe? they’re not the same | six tips for setting compensation | staff crave advancement and challenge | what leadership looks and feels at cpa firms | eleven things that good mentors do | give the recognition your staff needs | the importance of great bosses | how remote work is impacting accounting firms | make work flexibility work for everyone | why staff leave cpa firms … and how to stop them | how to solve the big disconnect in talent management | what relevance means for staffing in accounting | how accounting staffing has changed
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this post offers a plethora of ideas and techniques to recruit staff. all of them can be sorted into eight high-level strategies:

  1. abr: always be recruiting. we all know that staff are very hard to find and retain. it’s been this way for decades and seems to get worse every year. in the past, firms recruited only if they had an opening. progressive firms proactively recruit 24/7. given the 15-20 percent turnover rate at cpa firms, they never know when a staff person will resign or need to be terminated. but one thing is sure – turnover will occur. if your firm website doesn’t have a section on the careers page that encourages applicants to submit their resume even if there are no openings posted, add one immediately.

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why developing women partners matters

womand and man seated side by side at table in front of laptop, hanging plants in background

several experts on offer tips on how.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm staff: managing your #1 asset

“if i have 500 partners and 400 are men, i figure i have 150 underperforming partners.” – a big 4 managing partner

the cpa profession suffers mightily from a shortage of labor. there are several reasons for this, in no particular order:

  1. accounting is not a popular major in college.

more: a better way to provide performance feedback | training? cpe? they’re not the same | six tips for setting compensation | staff crave advancement and challenge | what leadership looks and feels at cpa firms | eleven things that good mentors do | give the recognition your staff needs | the importance of great bosses | how remote work is impacting accounting firms | make work flexibility work for everyone | why staff leave cpa firms … and how to stop them | how to solve the big disconnect in talent management
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  1. since the turn of this century, a dreadful shortage of accounting professors has challenged universities’ ability to meet student demand for accounting courses.
  2. the cpa firm industry has high turnover, generally in the 15-20 percent range. reasons include the technical demands of the work, busy seasons, long hours, the profession’s requirement that people wait 10 to 20 years before making partner and the failure of partners to mentor staff.

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a better way to provide performance feedback

two men seated across desk from each other, having discussion

yes, we included a form. but we almost didn’t.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm staff: managing your #1 asset

“feedback is the breakfast of champions.” – ken blanchard

“average players want to be left alone. good players want to be coached. great players want to be told the truth.” – doc rivers, nba basketball coach

more: training? cpe? they’re not the same | six tips for setting compensation | staff crave advancement and challenge | what leadership looks and feels at cpa firms | eleven things that good mentors do | give the recognition your staff needs | the importance of great bosses | how remote work is impacting accounting firms | make work flexibility work for everyone | why staff leave cpa firms … and how to stop them | how to solve the big disconnect in talent management | what relevance means for staffing in accounting | how accounting staffing has changed
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this post is divided into two sections:

  • the progressive view of providing performance feedback, which a minority of firms today practice. whenever something new to the field of practice management appears in a major way, many firms are slow to embrace it. examples: proactive selling, going paperless, adopting the cloud and managing a cpa firm like a real business.
  • the traditional view of providing performance feedback, which a majority of firms still practice today. if asked why the traditional practice continues, partners often respond, “that’s the way we’ve always done it. it ain’t perfect, but we are reasonably satisfied with it.”

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training? cpe? they’re not the same

three people: woman between two men pointing at desktop computer screen in explanation

the three types of training needed and 21 best practices for providing it.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm staff: managing your #1 asset

“training is everything. the peach was once a bitter almond; cauliflower is nothing but cabbage with an education.” – mark twain

more: six tips for setting compensation | staff crave advancement and challenge | what leadership looks and feels at cpa firms | eleven things that good mentors do | give the recognition your staff needs | the importance of great bosses | how remote work is impacting accounting firms | make work flexibility work for everyone | why staff leave cpa firms … and how to stop them | how to solve the big disconnect in talent management | what relevance means for staffing in accounting | how accounting staffing has changed
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we cringe when cpas use “training” and “cpe” synonymously.

  • cpe coursework is often reactive, taken to maintain a cpa license. it may or may not educate. it may or may not be the type of education an individual needs. many cpas look upon cpe as a nuisance that is necessary to comply with professional regulations. the smaller the firm and the older the cpa, the more likely this is the case.
  • training is primarily proactive, undertaken voluntarily to expand a person’s knowledge, performance and capabilities. the training aligns with what the person needs to do the job and provide value to the firm and its clients.

ideally, the training identified as needed also qualifies as cpe.
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